Cancer immunotherapy is a new rising type of treatments which allow patients to have an alternative option when they are not responsive to the traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In 2017, the first cell immunotherapy product, CD19 CAR T cells, has been approved by US FDA to treat patients with leukemia and lymphoma. Since then, the number of FDA approved cell therapy products is increasing drastically, as well as the number of cell-therapy clinical trials. Many types of immune cells can be used as cancer immunotherapy treatments, including dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and CAR T cells.
Dendritic cells, collected from patients, can be activated, and pulsed with cancer antigen. These dendritic cells can then present this antigen to T cells which will then destroy cancer cells (Figure 3). Currently, there are several clinical trials of dendritic cells which targeted several types of cancer such as melanoma, prostate, and renal cancer.
Dendritic cells as cancer immunotherapy treatment in clinical trials.
| Cancer types | Trial ID |
|---|---|
| Breast cancer | NCT05325632 (II) |
| NCT04348747 (II) | |
| Liver Cancer | NCT04912765 (II) |
| Melanoma | NCT02574377 (I&II) |
| NCT02993315 (III) | |
| NCT01690377 (I) | |
| Prostate | NCT02692976 (IIa) |
| Solid Tumors | NCT03707808 (I) |
Immunotherapy treatment with patients’ dendritic cells
